Sport, friend or foe of osteoarthritis?

Sport is not the enemy of osteoarthritis, far away. Instead exercise when one has osteoarthritis is important to maintain good joint mobility. But what sport practice if one wants to spare his joints? The Nutrition.fr an update for you.

Sport encourages Does osteoarthritis?

Throughout life, making the exercise helps maintain a healthy lifestyle and a healthy weight, maintaining muscle tone, prevent osteoporosis, to keep morale high and of cause his heart. However, alongside these benefits, the practice of a sport can lead to the onset of certain diseases such as osteoarthritis. The overuse of a joint and repeated trauma (shock or damage to the tendons) and cause premature wear of the cartilage. The link between sports and some osteoarthritis of a joint data has been established.

What are risk sports?

Among sports with intensive practice increases the risk of osteoarthritis include:
- Sports ball collective football, handball, rugby, basketball
- Dance
- Skiing
- Tennis and squash
- Athletics
- Judo and karate
- Weightlifting

However, interest in sport should not be challenged because its health benefits are numerous. Osteoarthritis should in no way prevent further physical activity. You just choose the sport and should adjust the intensity and duration of the effort to its possibilities.

Move ... in the joints

The sport is necessary in osteoarthritis to maintain good joint mobility and maintain painful muscles and tendons around the joints. In addition, exercise also promote the synthesis of cartilage. According to a recent Swedish study in sports regularly and moderately would improve the quality of the cartilage of the knee meniscus made people (1).
It is therefore essential to continue to walk, force himself to exercise even when the joints are painful. The trick is to choose a sport that does not ask too many joints as walking, swimming, water aerobics, yoga (to avoid tennis, jogging, skiing). And why not Tai Chi Chuan? Researchers from Cleveland, Ohio, found that people suffering from chronic arthritis, complained less of pain after 10 weeks of daily practice of Tai Chi Chuan, as sedentary. According to Patricia Adler, who led the study, the movements of this Chinese martial art to help fight the pain by improving blood circulation in tissues, strengthening the muscles and tendons surrounding the joint (2).
Another important measure if you are overweight: lose a few pounds, your joints will thank you. Being overweight increases the pressure on the cartilage and accelerates the progression of osteoarthritis. In addition, several studies in obese showed a loss of even modest weight allowed to suffer less. And when it involves one hour of exercise three times a week, relief is even greater (3).

Joint by joint, which sport practice?

The knee

Sports Avoid: football, fencing, rugby, running, combat sport, tennis

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: walking on flat terrain and regular cycling (unless osteoarthritis makes the descent of stairs difficult), swimming.

Hip

Sports to avoid sports of football, horse riding, dancing, jumping, combat sports.

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: walking, swimming, cycling, diving, sailing.

The lumbar

Sports to avoid cycling, riding, jumping, combat sports, golf, tennis.

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: walking, swimming (except butterfly stroke)

Shoulder

Sports Avoid: racquet sports, martial arts, archery, golf, sailing

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: walking, swimming, cycling, diving /

The elbow

Sports Avoid: racquet sports, martial arts, archery, javelin.

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: all other sports (unless they reveal or aggravate the pain).

The hand

Sports Avoid: racquet sports, boxing, karate, horseback riding (in competition).

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: all other sports do not require significant taken in hand.

The foot

Sports Avoid: cross, marathon, distance running, jumping.

Sports preferable in cases of osteoarthritis: all other sports (with appropriate footwear).

4 questions toxicologist Jean-Fran? Ois Narbonne

What inspires you study?
It is a very good study, the largest ever conducted, we asked for years, but we were told there was no money. It took the cancer plan in order to initiate this study. Twenty years ago, when asked filters on the incinerator, said the medical profession? Move along, there's nothing to see! ?

In this study, cancer risk is real but not high
Overall, the risk of cancer is limited to about 10% more, but it affects mostly people overexposed. Now all the people who live under the plume of smoke from an incinerator are not overexposed. It should look closely at this population of people overexposed: among them, cancer risk is probably increased by 2 or 3.

The contamination of this population is mostly overexposed through food?
Yes, it is food produced locally is seen as fruits and vegetables did not enter? Ence little risk, meat either, because pigs are slaughtered young enough and in addition they will no pa? be in the fields, they get processed foods that are not contaminated. However, what is often involved, which comes from cattle, including dairy and fishery products in Zone C? Tethering.

What risks posed by existing incinerators?
The incinerators have started not to pollute are those who obeyed the standard 91, that is to say, the European standard of 1989 resulted in the 1991 French law? Ais. But it has been until 1994 the old incinerators to comply. And 2003 was expected to close the last polluting incinerator. Today, the worst is over. The factories are equipped with filters that make them much cleaner than incinerators operating in the 1980s. The risk is low and there is no medical reason to refuse incinerators. That does not mean you should expect to see no more cancer. But they are due to exposure back to previous decades.

What are dioxins?

Dioxins are cyclic molecules composed of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and chlorine or bromine. They are mainly produced by the metallurgical industry, paper mills and incineration in industrial and domestic waste. The burning of wood (especially during forest fires) is also a source of dioxins.
In animals, dioxins decreased immunity, reduce fertility and cause cancer after exposure to relatively low doses. In humans, TCDD (dioxin principal) is classified as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The daily intake in food (ADI) is 2 picograms per kilogram of body weight per day in Europe (2001) and 1 to 4 pg / kg / d according to WHO.

Incinerators they give cancer?

The fact of living near an incinerator can cause health problems? With the existing incinerators, regardless of risk. But people living near an incinerator in the years 70-80 would have more effect in cancer. But no more dioxin in their blood.

In 2003, the Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS) undertook a study to assess the risk of cancer associated with exposure to fumes from garbage incinerators. The first results of this work have just been published: those who lived near an incinerator in the years 70-80 were more frequently affected by cancer.

The researchers looked at people in 4 departments: Isère, Haut-Rhin, Bas-Rhin and Tarn and compared the incidence of cancer among residents of an incinerator with the number of cancers in the general population . Verdict: The risk is slightly higher for residents, but not all cancers. 7 to 10% additional risk for liver cancer based on the proximity of the incinerator. 2 to 8% for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 9 to 13% for soft tissue sarcomas.

Should we be alarmed? While these figures may para? Be disturbing. But do not rush to move if your house is located near an incinerator. First, these cancers are uncommon diseases and thus represent few cases. Secondly, the situation today can not be compared with that of 70 years.
The results can not be extrapolated to existing incinerators are cleaner and better contr? Widths before (see interview). Moreover, the number of incinerators has been divided by about three since 1998. Existing facilities were up to standard and many incinerators have been destroyed to make room for new facilities.

Second issue raised by the Institute for Public Health Surveillance: residents are more exposed to dioxins? The researchers recruited 1085 people aged 30 to 65 living near an incineration plant for household waste and have blood tests to measure their level of dioxins.
Result: the fact of living near an incinerator does not cause significant increase of dioxin in the blood. However those who use local products like milk,? Eggs or animal fats have their dioxin levels rise from 5% more for consumption of 3 eggs per week to just under 20% for consumption 380 ml daily whole milk or 38 grams of cheese.

These results are consistent with what the toxicologist Jean-Fran? Ois Narbonne: there is no overall significant difference of impregnation by the dioxins from incinerators and coastal residents not subject to a known source of dioxins .

Influenza A: Nearly one million of French contaminated last week

993,000 people have been infected by the H1N1 virus last week of November 23 to 29 in metropolitan France, as the weekly bulletin of the network of regional observation influenza (Grog), published December 2. 812,000 people were infected by the virus last week. More than 3.5 million people were infected by this virus in metropolitan France since the beginning of August.

Of the 1,800,000 cases of medical visits for acute respiratory infections (ARI) last week, influenza A accounted for 993,000 cases or 55% of consultations for ARI.

In general medicine, one in five patients consulted for an IRA. In pediatrics, one in four patients consulted for an IRA.

The proportion of acute respiratory infections increases in the activity of general practitioners and pediatricians in all regions of France, especially in the Southwest.

This share has stabilized in Ile de France region that was affected before the others.

Influenza A: adjuvants like squalene are they dangerous?

The case of squalene suitable as an adjuvant in the vaccine against influenza A
Squalene is used in the adjuvant vaccine to influenza A containing adjuvant and the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Squalene is a natural oil that is found in certain plants, animals and humans, but also in certain foods, cosmetics and food supplements.
Squalene is also used in some pharmaceuticals and some vaccines (Influenza A, HPV ..).


The AFSSAPS

According Afssaps, the French Agency for the Safety of Health Products, adjuvants based on squalene used in vaccines for influenza A did not appear, according to experiments on animals and studies in the man risks apart from an increase in local reactions (pain, redness ..) at the injection site.

WHO

According to WHO, more than 22 million doses of influenza vaccine containing squalene were administered, mainly in older age groups.

The safety of squalene in vaccines
The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) studied repeatedly question the safety of adjuvants, in particular squalene adjuvants containing it.
22 million doses of flu vaccine from Chiron (the FLUAD) were administered without safety concerns since 1977, apart from mild local reactions.
In infants and newborns, clinical studies on vaccines containing squalene performed revealed no problems severe enough to raise concerns.

The music soothe the heart, anxiety and pain

Listen to music have beneficial effects on heart health, reports the Medical School of Harvard. The music would also benefit against the pain and anxiety.
The American university has identified the latest clinical trials, mostly conducted with patients suffering from heart problems. The studies reviewed were limited to a small number of participants, but the findings are nonetheless encouraging, say experts.
    * Blood pressure. Cardiac patients at a hospital in Massachusetts who listened to music for 30 minutes had their hypertension, their heartbeat and reduce their anxiety, compared with those who did not listen to music.

   * A hospital in Hong Kong was prescribed to elderly patients a musical performance of 25 minutes daily for 4 weeks. According to the results, the systolic pressure (the blood supply in the arteries) and diastolic pressure (the pressure exerted on the arteries between each pulse) have both declined.

  * Bloodstream. Listening to relaxing music or cheerful have fostered a better blood circulation in healthy participants, supporting a study of a university in Baltimore. Conversely, music that caused anxiety would have interfered with blood circulation.

  * Anxiety. Play 20 minutes of soothing music would have helped alleviate anxiety among people who had a heart attack, according to a study conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

 * Pain. Patients after cardiac surgery, listened to music said feel less pain and anxiety compared to those who have done nothing but rest, reveals a study in a hospital in Minneapolis.